Hetereotrophic mode of nutrition for class 10th biology

2. Hetereotrophic mode of nutrition:- In this mode of nutrition organisms obtain their food from other organisms. These organisms are totaly dependent on other organisms for food. e.g Animals,Human beings, Fungi

It has following sub types

1. Holozoic nutrition:- In this mode of nutrition an organism englough food and than digest it inside the body. e.g human being , Bird

2.Saprophytic Nutrition:- In this mode of nutrition organisms obtain their food from dead and decaying organic matter. These organisms grow on dead organic matter and screate digestive enzymes on the organic matter to digest it and than absorb the digested food. e.g Fungi (Mushrooms, bread moulds)

3.Paracitic mode of nutrition:-In this mode of nutrition organism takes the digested food of other organism by living on it. E.g Ascaris, E.coli, Tap worm , liver flukes ,lice etc . The organisms showing this type of nutrition are called as Paracites and the organism on which paracite lives is called as Host.

Paracites are of two types

●Exo-paracites:-The paracites which lives outside on the body of host are called Endo-paracites. e.g Lice

●Endo-Parcites:-The paracites which lives inside the body of host are called Endo-paracites. e.g Ascaris, E.coli , liver flukes

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Structure and function of Neuron

Neurons (nerve cells) are the functional units of the nervous system. A typical neuron is divided into three parts i.e Cell body or Soma,Some contains all the cell organelles like Nucleus, Mitochondria etc. Dendrites and Axon. Schwann cells of Axon are covered by Myelin Sheath. Dendrites are branched like structures on Soma. Axon terminal is also branched like structure. The signals are received from neuron by dendrites and are send to next neuron bye chemo-electrical impulses through axon. The junction between the two cells is known as Synapses.In neuron signal travels in the form of chemicals but at synapses in changes in to electrical impulses.

Absorption of Nutrients in Small Intestines

The digested food is now in simple form and is ready to use by cells. The inner wall of small intestines is called as Mucosa, it has numerous finger like projections called as Villi (singular- villus), which in-turn has finger like projections called as micro-villi. The purpose of villus is to provide large surface area for nutrient absorption. Villi have large network of blood capillaries, where the nutrients are absorbed in blood by diffusion.Most of the nutrients are absorbed in jejunum. except Iron is absorbed in duodenum vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum. Through blood digested food reaches to each and every cell of the body.

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