Biology Introduction and its branches

͢In this world we come across with soo many things. we interact with them and want to know about them. so for this purpose study came into existence to know about the hidden features and phenomenon of the world , so called science.

Biology is the branch of science in which we study about the living creature/things to obtain the maximum knowledge about them for our benefit. we try to understand our body structure our machinery. we study about different plants and animals to know about their benefits and losses/harmful effects.

Main Branches of biology

zoology ⬅️BIOLOGY➡️ Botany

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Deals with the study of Animals Deals with the study of Plants

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Structure and function of Neuron

Neurons (nerve cells) are the functional units of the nervous system. A typical neuron is divided into three parts i.e Cell body or Soma,Some contains all the cell organelles like Nucleus, Mitochondria etc. Dendrites and Axon. Schwann cells of Axon are covered by Myelin Sheath. Dendrites are branched like structures on Soma. Axon terminal is also branched like structure. The signals are received from neuron by dendrites and are send to next neuron bye chemo-electrical impulses through axon. The junction between the two cells is known as Synapses.In neuron signal travels in the form of chemicals but at synapses in changes in to electrical impulses.

Absorption of Nutrients in Small Intestines

The digested food is now in simple form and is ready to use by cells. The inner wall of small intestines is called as Mucosa, it has numerous finger like projections called as Villi (singular- villus), which in-turn has finger like projections called as micro-villi. The purpose of villus is to provide large surface area for nutrient absorption. Villi have large network of blood capillaries, where the nutrients are absorbed in blood by diffusion.Most of the nutrients are absorbed in jejunum. except Iron is absorbed in duodenum vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum. Through blood digested food reaches to each and every cell of the body.

Simple Biology

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