Modes of Nutrition for 10th class

Modes of Nutrition in Organism

1. Autotrophic mode of nutrition:- In this mode of nutrition, organisms synthesize their own food by using simple raw materials from their environment . Examples are Plants , some bacteria, algae and euglina.

It has following sub types

Photo-autotrophic Nutrition:- In this mode of autotrophic nutrition organisms synthesize their own food by using simple raw material from their environment e.g carbon dioxide,water and sunlight. examples are Plants , Algae etc. These organisms have special units in their cell to trap sunlight called as Chloroplast which are green in color.

chemo-autotrophic nutrition:- In this mode of nutrition organisms synthesize their food from some chemicals. e.g some bacteria (sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria)

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Structure and function of Neuron

Neurons (nerve cells) are the functional units of the nervous system. A typical neuron is divided into three parts i.e Cell body or Soma,Some contains all the cell organelles like Nucleus, Mitochondria etc. Dendrites and Axon. Schwann cells of Axon are covered by Myelin Sheath. Dendrites are branched like structures on Soma. Axon terminal is also branched like structure. The signals are received from neuron by dendrites and are send to next neuron bye chemo-electrical impulses through axon. The junction between the two cells is known as Synapses.In neuron signal travels in the form of chemicals but at synapses in changes in to electrical impulses.

Absorption of Nutrients in Small Intestines

The digested food is now in simple form and is ready to use by cells. The inner wall of small intestines is called as Mucosa, it has numerous finger like projections called as Villi (singular- villus), which in-turn has finger like projections called as micro-villi. The purpose of villus is to provide large surface area for nutrient absorption. Villi have large network of blood capillaries, where the nutrients are absorbed in blood by diffusion.Most of the nutrients are absorbed in jejunum. except Iron is absorbed in duodenum vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum. Through blood digested food reaches to each and every cell of the body.

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