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 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

PART 2

Fragmentation:- Some organisms have simple body organization like Spirogyra , they break down into smaller pieces each piece forms new identical individual, this mode of reproduction is known as Fragmentation.

Fragmentation in Spirogyra


Regeneration:- Many fully differentiated organisms have the ability to give to an individual organisms from their body parts. That is, if the individual somehow cut or broken up into many pieces, many of these pieces grow into separate individuals. For example, simple animals like Hydra and Planaria can be cut into any number of pieces and each piece grows into a complete organism. This is known as regeneration.



Budding:- Organisms such as Hydra use regenerative cells for reproduction in the process of budding. In Hydra, a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site, These buds develop into tiny individuals and when fully mature, detach from the parent body and become independent individuals.



Vegetative Reproduction:-  There are many plants in which parts like the root, stem and leaves develop into new plans under appropriate conditions.This property of vegetative propagation is used in methods such as layering or grafting to grow many plants like sugarcane, roses, or grapes for agricultural purposes. Advantage of vegetative propagation is that all plants produced are genetically similar enough to the parent plant to have all its characteristics.




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